English
In the field of metal surface treatment, shot blasting and sandblasting are two common but often confused processes. Although both are used for surface cleaning, they differ fundamentally in their working principles and applicable scenarios.
In terms of working principle, shot blasting machines rely on the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of an impeller to accelerate and propel abrasive materials such as steel shot towards the workpiece surface. This mechanical kinetic energy impact not only effectively removes oxide scale and rust layers but also causes plastic deformation of the material surface, forming a reinforced compressive stress layer. In contrast, sandblasting machines primarily use compressed air to propel abrasive particles, relying on the cutting action of the abrasive to achieve surface cleaning. This pneumatic method is more suitable for fine surface treatment.
In practical applications, the two types of equipment have their respective strengths. Shot blasting is particularly suitable for processing workpieces with regular structures and mass production, such as steel structural parts and automotive components. It has a high degree of automation, significant processing efficiency, and the metal abrasive can be recycled, giving it a clear cost advantage in large-scale production. Sandblasting, on the other hand, exhibits greater adaptability. Whether dealing with complex curved surfaces, thin-walled parts, or precision molds, ideal results can be achieved by adjusting the type of abrasive and processing parameters. This flexibility makes it highly favored in small-batch, multi-variety production environments.
From an economic perspective, while shot blasting equipment requires a larger initial investment, its continuous operation capability and the recyclable nature of abrasives significantly reduce unit costs in long-term, high-volume production. Sandblasting equipment, on the other hand, maintains its advantages in customized processing and special material treatment due to its lower entry cost and flexible operation. It should be noted that the continuous consumption of abrasives and labor costs during sandblasting should not be ignored in the long run.
